We have investigated the ultrafast coherent dynamics of exciton-polaritons and excitons in semiconductor quantum nanostructures, including InGaAs/AlGaAs multi quantum well Bragg structures and AlGaAs/GaAs crescent shaped quantum wire samples, by using a phase-locked spectroscopic technique. In the multi quantum well Bragg sample, a two-stage decay due to the superradiant exciton-polariton mode is clearly observed at the resonant condition. In the crescent shaped quantum wire sample, the highly sensitive coherent control measurement enables us to observe the dephasing characteristics and a very fast dephasing time T-2 of 200 to 300 Is with power dependence was observed.