Modelling of miniaturized, self-sensing magneto-rheological (MR) valves
Despite all the medical improvements and technologies in the last years, it is estimated that, globally, a lower limb, is lost due to amputation every 30 seconds as a consequence of diabetes [2]. Every year, 90’000 amputations occur in the USA and more than 250’000 in Europe [3]. For diabetic patients, the loss of pain sensation, due to peripheral neuropathy is a crucial factor in the causal path leading to an ulceration. The absence of an alarm signal causes a bad perception of local micro-traumatic events. Their magnitude and cyclic nature lead frequently to the development of ulceration. Researches prove that a major factor contributing to the development of plantar ulceration is the increase of plantar pressure (PP) compared to the pressure values for healthy subjects in 94% of the plantar ulcerations [4].
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