The article describes the use of neutron scattering methods (including powder diffraction, vibrational and rotational spectroscopy, and quasi-elastic scattering) to enhance our understanding of the performance (or lack of performance) of novel storage and adsorption systems. In particular, it will discuss the adsorption structures and energetics of transition metal (TM)-MOF-74 (CPO-27) series of materials for H2/methane storage, carbon capture, olefin-paraffin sepns., and O2/N2 sepns.