The variations of reflection and transmission coefficients, as well as of the fluorescence response of the arterial wall are studied as a function of temperature. In a first experiment, reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient, and temperature, are measured during laser irradiation of the tissue. The fluorescence spectrum is recorded in a second experiment, together with temperature, during heating of the arterial wall in a vapor bath. The temperature dependence of the optical parameters and of the fluorescence response are then deduced. For the reflection and transmission coefficients, a direct correlation of their variations with temperature is measured. Extrema are observed in the temperature region at about 50°C. A global decrease of the fluorescence intensity is characteristic of a temperature increase. These variations can be used as thermal markers, which in turn could give a criterion to control heat deposition in the tissue during laser anastomose.