A search for the decay B-0 -> phi mu(+) mu(-) is performed using proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb(-1). No evidence for the B-0 -> phi mu(+) mu(-) decay is found and an upper limit on the branching fraction, excluding the 0 and charmonium regions in the dimuon spectrum, of 4.4 x 10(-3) at a 90% credibility level, relative to that of the B-s(0) -> phi mu(+) mu(-) decay, is established. Using the measured B-s(0) -> phi mu(+) mu(-) branching fraction and assuming a phase-space model, the absolute branching fraction of the decay B-0 -> phi mu(+) mu(-) in the full q(2) range is determined to be less than 3.2 x 10(-9) at a 90% credibility level.