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  4. 3D Printable κ‐Carrageenan‐Based Granular Hydrogels
 
research article

3D Printable κ‐Carrageenan‐Based Granular Hydrogels

Bono, Francesca  
•
Strässle Zuniga, Sophie Hélène
•
Amstad, Esther  
September 16, 2024
Advanced Functional Materials

𝜿-carrageenan, an algae-extracted polysaccharide known for its emulsifying properties, is widely used in food and beauty products. Because of its abundance in nature, similarity to natural glycosaminoglycans, and biocompatibility, it is a promising alternative to animal gelatin for tissue engineering. Key to the more widespread use of 𝜿-carrageenan for biomedical applications is its processability, which is hampered by its temperature- dependent rheological properties. Here, a 𝜿-carrageenan-based ink is introduced that can be 3D printed at room temperature through direct ink writing (DIW). This is achieved by formulating 𝜿-carrageenan as microgels that are covalently crosslinked through a second network, resulting in double network granular hydrogels (DNGHs). These DNGHs can be stiffened to reach stiffnesses up to 0.9 MPa under tension and 1.1 MPa under compression through the addition of metal ions and glucose. The metal/glucose reinforcement also increases the work of fracture up to 1.1 MJ m−3, exceeding that of unmodified 𝜿-carrageenan DNGHs 50-fold. The potential of the ink by room temperature 3D printing cm-sized free-standing load-bearing structures is demonstrated. This ink is envisaged to be a well-suited algae-derived alternative for the animal-based gelatin for tissue engineering and in food applications for example as soft confectionery products.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1002/adfm.202413368
Author(s)
Bono, Francesca  

EPFL

Strässle Zuniga, Sophie Hélène
Amstad, Esther  

EPFL

Date Issued

2024-09-16

Publisher

Wiley

Published in
Advanced Functional Materials
Article Number

2413368

Subjects

3D printing

•

double network granular hydrogel

•

granular hydrogels

•

load bearing

•

naturally sourced polymers

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
SMAL  
FunderFunding(s)Grant NumberGrant URL

Swiss National Science Foundation

51NF40‐205603

Available on Infoscience
November 26, 2024
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/242158
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