Quality is a fundamental concept closely linked to measuring performance in systems, products and services. Any compression and representation technique in audiovisual signals needs metrics of quality, not only in their design stage but also in demonstrating their superior performance when compared to state of the art. Some believe that the main reason for the failure of previous waves of 3D was the lack of a minimum quality requirement in 3D. It is therefore important to consider mechanisms of 3D vision in humans, and their underlying perceptual models, in conjunction with the type of distortions that today and tomorrow 3D video processing systems produce. In this chapter, we will examine some parts of this complex puzzle, by mainly focusing on an important issue, namely, how to measurement 3D visual quality, as an essential factor in the success of 3D technologies, products and services.