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  4. Enhanced GPR Imaging Using High-Resolution TR-MUSIC for Underground Object Localization
 
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Enhanced GPR Imaging Using High-Resolution TR-MUSIC for Underground Object Localization

Karami, Hamidreza  
•
Romero, Carlos
•
Rubinstein, Marcos
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February 16, 2026

In this paper, we present a novel, high-resolution method, referred to as HRTR, for localizing underground objects. HRTR is based on a combination of the Time Reversal (TR) and Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithms, and can be readily integrated with conventional ground-penetrating radar (GPR) systems without requiring any additional hardware. The proposed method offers significant advantages, particularly in achieving higher resolution, which enhances the ability to distinguish ground surface reflections and detect shallowly buried objects—challenges often encountered with conventional methods. The theoretical foundation of the proposed method is validated through numerical simulations using gprMax, as well as through experimental measurements from laboratory and field tests. The performance of HRTR is compared with conventional GPR methods, focusing on resolution improvements. Both simulations and experimental results demonstrate that HRTR produces clearer, sharper images with enhanced resolution. Unlike classical TR-MUSIC, the proposed HRTR method can be applied directly to conventional GPR measurements without the need for additional hardware or intensive computation.Moreover, it operates with just one antenna in monostatic mode or two in bistatic mode, avoiding the multiple-antenna requirement of TR-MUSIC. Furthermore, the proposed method enables the detection of deeply buried objects by using low-frequency signals for greater penetration while preserving spatial resolution. A graphical user interface was also developed and made available on GitHub for applying the proposed method to GPR A- and B-scans.

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Type
preprint
DOI
10.21203/rs.3.rs-8347199/v1
Author(s)
Karami, Hamidreza  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Romero, Carlos

Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports

Rubinstein, Marcos

HES-SO Vaud

Rachidi, Farhad  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Date Issued

2026-02-16

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
SCI-STI-FR  
Available on Infoscience
February 17, 2026
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/259534
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