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research article

Behavioural compass: animal behaviour recognition using magnetometers

Chakravarty, Pritish  
•
Maalberg, Maiki
•
Cozzi, Gabriele
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August 27, 2019
Movement Ecology

Animal-borne data loggers today often house several sensors recording simultaneously at high frequency. This offers opportunities to gain fine-scale insights into behaviour from individual-sensor as well as integrated multi-sensor data. In the context of behaviour recognition, even though accelerometers have been used extensively, magnetometers have recently been shown to detect specific behaviours that accelerometers miss. The prevalent constraint of limited training data necessitates the importance of identifying behaviours with high robustness to data from new individuals, and may require fusing data from both these sensors. However, no study yet has developed an end-to-end approach to recognise common animal behaviours such as foraging, locomotion, and resting from magnetometer data in a common classification framework capable of accommodating and comparing data from both sensors. We address this by first leveraging magnetometers’ similarity to accelerometers to develop biomechanical descriptors of movement: we use the static component given by sensor tilt with respect to Earth’s local magnetic field to estimate posture, and the dynamic component given by change in sensor tilt with time to characterise movement intensity and periodicity. We use these descriptors within an existing hybrid scheme that combines biomechanics and machine learning to recognise behaviour. We showcase the utility of our method on triaxial magnetometer data collected on ten wild Kalahari meerkats (Suricata suricatta), with annotated video recordings of each individual serving as groundtruth. Finally, we compare our results with accelerometer-based behaviour recognition. The overall recognition accuracy of > 94% obtained with magnetometer data was found to be comparable to that achieved using accelerometer data. Interestingly, higher robustness to inter-individual variability in dynamic behaviour was achieved with the magnetometer, while the accelerometer was better at estimating posture. Magnetometers were found to accurately identify common behaviours, and were particularly robust to dynamic behaviour recognition. The use of biomechanical considerations to summarise magnetometer data makes the hybrid scheme capable of accommodating data from either or both sensors within the same framework according to each sensor’s strengths. This provides future studies with a method to assess the added benefit of using magnetometers for behaviour recognition.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1186/s40462-019-0172-6
Author(s)
Chakravarty, Pritish  
Maalberg, Maiki
Cozzi, Gabriele
Ozgul, Arpat
Aminian, Kamiar  
Date Issued

2019-08-27

Published in
Movement Ecology
Volume

7

Start page

18

Subjects

Magnetometer

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Behaviour recognition

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Biomechanics

•

Machine learning

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Angular velocity

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Earth's magnetic field

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Accelerometer

•

Meerkats

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
LMAM  
FunderGrant Number

FNS

CR32I3_159743

RelationURL/DOI

IsSupplementedBy

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2fr72sb
Available on Infoscience
August 28, 2019
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/160672
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