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research article

Surface-based manipulation with modular foldable robots

Wang, Ziqiao  
•
Demirtas, Serhat  
•
Zuliani, Fabio  
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January 9, 2026
npj Robotics

Intelligence lies not only in the brain (decision-making processes) but in the body (physical morphology). The morphology of robots can significantly influence how they interact with the physical world, crucial for manipulating objects in real-life scenarios. Conventional robotic manipulation strategies mainly rely on finger-shaped end effectors. However, achieving stable grasps on fragile, deformable, irregularly shaped, or slippery objects is challenging due to difficulty in establishing stable forces or geometric constraints. Here, we present surface-based manipulation strategies that diverge from classical grasping approaches, using flat surfaces as minimalist end-effectors. By adjusting surfaces' position and orientation, objects can be translated, rotated, and flipped across the surface using closed-loop control strategies. Since this method does not rely on stable grasping, it can adapt to objects of various shapes, sizes, and stiffness levels and can even manipulate the shape of deformable objects. Our results provide a new perspective for solving complex manipulation problems. 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,;

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1038/s44182-025-00069-6
Author(s)
Wang, Ziqiao  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Demirtas, Serhat  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Zuliani, Fabio  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Paik, Jamie  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Date Issued

2026-01-09

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Published in
npj Robotics
Volume

4

Issue

1

Article Number

3

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
RRL  
FunderFunding(s)Grant NumberGrant URL

HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council

101069536

HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council

101069536

HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council

101069536

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Available on Infoscience
January 12, 2026
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/257838
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