The first test of lepton flavor universality between muons and electrons using B+→K+π+π-ℓ+ℓ- (ℓ=e, μ) decays is presented. The measurement is performed with data from proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb-1. The ratio of branching fractions between B+→K+π+π-e+e- and B+→K+π+π-μ+μ- decays is measured in the dilepton invariant-mass-squared range 1.1