A search for the standard model production of four top quarks (pp → $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $) is reported using single-lepton plus jets and opposite-sign dilepton plus jets signatures. Proton-proton collisions are recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.8 fb$^{−}^{1}$. A multivariate analysis exploiting global event and jet properties is used to discriminate $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ from $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ production. No significant deviation is observed from the predicted background. An upper limit is set on the cross section for $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ production in the standard model of 48 fb at 95% confidence level. When combined with a previous measurement by the CMS experiment from an analysis of other final states, the observed signal significance is 1.4 standard deviations, and the combined cross section measurement is $ {13}_{-9}^{+11} $ fb. The result is also interpreted in the framework of effective field theory.