Optimisation of the formation and distribution of protoporphyrin IX in the urothelium: An in vitro approach
PURPOSE: To optimize conditions for photodynamic detection (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of bladder carcinoma, urothelial accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and conditions leading to cell photodestruction were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Porcine and human bladder mucosae were superfused with derivatives of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). PpIX accumulation and distribution across the mucosa was studied by microspectrofluorometry. Cell viability and structural integrity were assessed by using vital dyes and microscopy. RESULTS: ALA esters, especially hexyl-ALA, accelerated and regularized urothelial PpIX accumulation and allowed for necrosis upon illumination. CONCLUSIONS: hexyl-ALA used at micromolar concentrations is the most efficient PpIX precursor for PDD and PDT.
1999
162
2
546
552
MEDLINE
Copyright 2003 U.S. National Library of Medicine
Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lausanne, the Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland
0376374
Journal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE)
English
1999336867
Animal; Human; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Aminolevulinic Acid: PD, pharmacology; *Photosensitizing Agents: PK, pharmacokinetics; *Protoporphyrins: PK, pharmacokinetics; Swine; Tissue Distribution; Urothelium: DE, drug effects; *Urothelium: ME, metabolism
0 (Photosensitizing Agents); 0 (Protoporphyrins)
REVIEWED
EPFL