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X-point potential well formation in diverted tokamaks with unfavorable magnetic field direction

Wensing, M.  
•
Loizu, J.  
•
Reimerdes, H.  
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April 6, 2020
Nuclear Fusion

Fluid simulations of the boundary of fusion plasmas predict the formation of an electric potential well in the vicinity of the X-point in detached divertor conditions with Bt in the unfavorable direction for H-mode access. This potential well arises when the parallel current in the divertor is dominated by Pfirsch-Schlüter currents and is closely related to previously reported potential hill formation in favorable Bt direction. A simple analytic model describes its dependence on plasma shape and divertor conditions. The poloidal particle transport in the divertor is dominated by the parallel flow, while cross-field particle transport in the vicinity of the separatrix is argued to be E×B-dominated, even in the presence of turbulence. With a potential well, the E×B-flow differs qualitatively from the classic drift pattern with the near-SOL poloidal E×B-flux enhanced and reversed while radially widening/compressing the outer/inner divertor leg, respectively.

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