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research article

Generative Design of Singlet Fission Materials Leveraging a Fragment-oriented Database

Worakul, Thanapat  
•
Laplaza, Ruben  
•
Blaskovits, J. Terence  
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August 25, 2025
Chemical Science

Recently, we leveraged the FORMED repository made up of 116 687 synthesizeable molecules to deploy fragment-based high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) and genetic algorithm (GA) searches of singlet fission (SF) molecular candidates. With these approaches, both prototypical (e.g., acenes, boron-dipyrromethane (BODIPY)) and unreported (e.g., heteroatom-rich mesoionic) classes of chromophore candidates fulfilling specific SF energetic requirements were identified. Yet, the reliance on predefined fragments limits chemical space exploration and, thus, the discovery of truly unforeseen molecular cores. Here, we exploit FORMED to train a generative learning framework driven by reinforcement learning and property predictions. The generative model rediscovers a diverse range of previously reported SF chromophore classes, including polyenes, benzofurans, fulvenoids and quinoidal systems, but also suggests an unexpected scaffold absent from the training data, neocoumarin (2-benzopyran-3-one), characterized by two endocyclic double bonds in an ortho arrangement and capped by a lactone group. An in-depth investigation reveals a diradicaloid behavior over the conjugated core comparable to 2-benzofuran, a widely known SF compound. This work highlights the potential of using both generative and property prediction models to discover candidates beyond derivatives of known chemistry for tailored material applications.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1039/d5sc03184b
Web of Science ID

WOS:001566283900001

PubMed ID

40933067

Author(s)
Worakul, Thanapat  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Laplaza, Ruben  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Blaskovits, J. Terence  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Corminboeuf, Clemence  

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Date Issued

2025-08-25

Publisher

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY

Published in
Chemical Science
Subjects

MOLECULAR DESIGN

•

GENETIC ALGORITHMS

•

FLUORESCENCE

•

EXCITONS

•

STATE

•

Science & Technology

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Physical Sciences

Editorial or Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
LCMD  
FunderFunding(s)Grant NumberGrant URL

NCCR Catalysis

204178;180544

Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)

Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)

Available on Infoscience
September 19, 2025
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/254129
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