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research article

Experimental demonstration of a space-time-modulated airborne acoustic circulator

Chen, Tinggui  
•
Malléjac, Matthieu  
•
Bi, Chuanxing
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May 7, 2025
Physical Review Applied

Achieving strongly nonreciprocal scattering in compact linear acoustic devices is a challenging task. One possible solution is the use of time-modulated resonators; however, their implementation in the realm of audible airborne acoustics is typically hindered by the difficulty of obtaining large modulation depth and speeds while managing noise issues. Here, we propose a practical and cost-efficient route to realize simple modulated resonators and observe experimentally the strong nonreciprocal behavior of an acoustic circulator. We propose to modulate the neck cross-section areas of three coupled Helmholtz resonators using rotating circular plates actuated by an electrical motor, and control their phase difference via meshed gears, thereby implementing a modulation scheme with broken time-reversal symmetry that effectively imparts angular momentum to the system. We experimentally demonstrate tunable nonreciprocal behavior with a high nonreciprocal isolation of 34 dB and reflection as low as −9 dB, with insertion losses of 5 dB and parasitic signals below −20 dB. All the experimental results agree well with theoretical and numerical predictions.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.23.054017
Author(s)
Chen, Tinggui  
•
Malléjac, Matthieu  
•
Bi, Chuanxing
•
Xia, Baizhan
•
Fleury, Romain  
Date Issued

2025-05-07

Publisher

American Physical Society (APS)

Published in
Physical Review Applied
Volume

23

Article Number

054017

Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
LWE  
FunderFunding(s)Grant NumberGrant URL

Swiss National Science Foundation

CRSK-2 220747

Fundamental Research Funds

Central Universities

JZ2023HGQA0130,JZ2024HGTA0175

Available on Infoscience
May 9, 2025
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/249992
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