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research article

Reproductive isolation arises during laboratory adaptation to a novel hot environment

Hsu, Sheng-Kai
•
Lai, Wei-Yun
•
Novak, Johannes
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May 28, 2024
Genome Biology

Background: Reproductive isolation can result from adaptive processes (e.g., ecological speciation and mutation-order speciation) or stochastic processes such as "system drift" model. Ecological speciation predicts barriers to gene flow between populations from different environments, but not among replicate populations from the same environment. In contrast, reproductive isolation among populations independently adapted to the same/similar environment can arise from both mutation-order speciation or system drift. Results: In experimentally evolved populations adapting to a hot environment for over 100 generations, we find evidence for pre- and postmating reproductive isolation. On one hand, an altered lipid metabolism and cuticular hydrocarbon composition pointed to possible premating barriers between the ancestral and replicate evolved populations. On the other hand, the pronounced gene expression differences in male reproductive genes may underlie the postmating isolation among replicate evolved populations adapting to the same environment with the same standing genetic variation. Conclusion: Our study confirms that replicated evolution experiments provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of speciation. The rapid emergence of the premating reproductive isolation during temperature adaptation showcases incipient ecological speciation. The potential evidence of postmating reproductive isolation among replicates gave rise to two hypotheses: (1) mutation-order speciation through a common selection on early fecundity leading to an inherent inter-locus sexual conflict; (2) system drift with genetic drift along the neutral ridges.

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Type
research article
DOI
10.1186/s13059-024-03285-9
Web of Science ID

WOS:001234481500002

Author(s)
Hsu, Sheng-Kai
•
Lai, Wei-Yun
•
Novak, Johannes
•
Lehner, Felix
•
Jaksic, Ana Marija  
•
Versace, Elisabetta
•
Schloetterer, Christian
Date Issued

2024-05-28

Publisher

BMC

Published in
Genome Biology
Volume

25

Issue

1

Start page

141

Subjects

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

•

Drosophila Simulans

•

Experimental Evolution

•

Mutation Order Speciation

•

Ecological Speciation

Peer reviewed

REVIEWED

Written at

EPFL

EPFL units
GR-JAKSIC  
FunderGrant Number

HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council

Available on Infoscience
June 19, 2024
Use this identifier to reference this record
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/208673
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