A method for enforcing smoothness constraints on surface meshes produced by a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) including the steps of reading image data from a memory, the image data including two-dimensional image data representing a three-dimensional object or a three-dimensional image stack of the three-dimensional object, performing a GCNN mesh deformation step on the image data to obtain an approximation of a surface of the three-dimensional object, the surface represented by triangulated surface meshes, at least some vertices of the triangulated surface meshes having a different number of neighboring vertices compared to other vertices in a same triangulated surface mesh, and performing a deep active surface model (DASM) transformation step on the triangulated surface meshes to obtain a corrected representation of the surface of three-dimensional object to improve smoothness of the surface.