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  4. The magic words are squeamish ossifrage [RSA public key cryptography]
 
conference paper

The magic words are squeamish ossifrage [RSA public key cryptography]

Atkins, D.
•
Graff, M.
•
Lenstra, Arjen K.  
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1995
Advances in Cryptology - ASIACRYPT'94. 4th International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptology. Proceedings
Advances in Cryptology - ASIACRYPT'94. 4th International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptology. Proceedings

We describe the computation which resulted in the title of this paper. Furthermore, we give an analysis of the data collected during this computation. From this data, we derive the important observation that in the final stages, the progress of the double large prime variation of the quadratic sieve integer factoring algorithm can more effectively be approximated by a quartic function of the time spent, than by the more familiar quadratic function. We also present, as an update to “Factoring by electronic mail” by Lenstra and Manasse (1990), some of our experiences with the management of a large computation distributed over the Internet. Based on this experience, we give some realistic estimates of the current readily available computational power of the Internet. We conclude that commonly-used 512-bit RSA moduli are vulnerable to any organization prepared to spend a few million dollars and to wait a few months

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